Light-Speed Delay Calculator

Plain JavaScript

Calculate how long a signal takes to travel at light speed — one-way or round-trip. Choose a common destination preset or enter a custom distance.

Inputs

Tip: Round-trip is useful for “command + reply” scenarios.
If filled, this overrides the preset.
Assumptions & notes speed of light, presets, variability

Uses the speed of light in vacuum: c = 299,792,458 m/s. This ignores routing, processing, atmospheric effects and relativity (fine for a simple delay estimate).

Planet distances vary massively with orbital position. Presets are “typical / illustrative” values, not live ephemeris. If you need precision for a specific date, use a custom distance.

Quick intuition checks common examples
  • Earth → Moon is about 1.3 seconds one-way.
  • Earth → Sun is about 8 minutes 20 seconds one-way.
  • Earth → Mars is typically minutes one-way (varies a lot).

Results

Selected distance (normalised)
Signal delay
In seconds (raw)

Permalink (copies current settings)
FAQ what is “round-trip”?
One-way is the time for a signal to reach the destination at light speed.
Round-trip (RTLT) is the time to send a command and receive a reply at light speed. In reality you also add processing time, routing, and sometimes store-and-forward delays.